The Culture of Connectivity: A Critical History of Social Media
摘要: Social media has come to deeply penetrate our lives: Facebook, YouTube, Twitter and many other platforms define many of our daily habits of communication and creative production. The Culture of Connec ...
| Social media has come to deeply penetrate our lives: Facebook, YouTube,
Twitter and many other platforms define many of our daily habits of
communication and creative production. The Culture of Connectivity
studies the rise of social media in the first decade of the twenty-first
century up until 2012, providing both a historical and a critical
analysis of the emergence of major platforms in the context of a rapidly
changing ecosystem of connective media. Such history is needed to
understand how these media have come to profoundly affect our experience
of online sociality. The first stage of their development shows a
fundamental shift. While most sites started out as amateur-driven
community platforms, half a decade later they have turned into large
corporations that do not just facilitate user connectedness, but have
become global information and data mining companies extracting and
exploiting user connectivity. Author and media scholar José van Dijck
offers an analytical prism to examine techno-cultural as well as
socio-economic aspects of this transformation. She dissects five major
platforms: Facebook, Twitter, Flickr, YouTube, and Wikipedia. Each of
these microsystems occupies a distinct position in the larger ecology of
connective media, and yet, their underlying mechanisms for coding
interfaces, steering users, and filtering content rely on shared
ideological principles. At the level of management and organization, we
can also observe striking similarities between these platforms' shifting
ownership status, governance strategies, and business models.
Reconstructing the premises on which these platforms are built, this
study highlights how norms for online interaction and communication
gradually changed. "Sharing," "friending," "liking," "following,"
"trending," and "favoriting" have come to denote online practices imbued
with specific technological and economic meanings. This process of
normalization, the author argues, is part of a larger political and
ideological battle over information control in an online world where
everything is bound to become social. Crossing lines of technological,
historical, sociological, and cultural inquiry, The Culture of
Connectivity will reshape the way we think about interpersonal
connection in the digital age. |
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