TikTok用户被推送错误的新闻式提醒

Falseclaims about Taylor Swift and outdated tsunami warnings are among misleadingnotifications posted by video-sharing app. 6park.com

这款视频分享应用发布了关于斯威夫特和过时的海啸预警的误导性通知。

TikTok hasbeen sending inaccurate and misleading news-style alerts to users’ phones,including a false claim about Taylor Swift and a weeks-old disaster warning,intensifying fears about the spread of misinformation on the popularvideo-sharing platform.  6park.com

TikTok一直在向用户的手机发送不准确和误导性的新闻式提醒，包括关于泰勒•斯威夫特的虚假声明和一个过期数周的灾难警告，加剧了人们对错误信息在这个流行的视频分享平台上传播的担忧。

Amongalerts seen by the Financial Times was a warning about a tsunami in Japan,labelled “BREAKING”, that was posted in late January, three weeks after anearthquake had struck. Another falsely stated that “Taylor Swift Cancelled AllTour Dates in What She Called ‘Racist Florida’”, while a push notificationhighlighted a five-year ban for a major-league baseball player.

在英国《金融时报》看到的提醒中，有一条关于日本海啸的警告，标签为“突发”，发布于1月底，即地震发生三周后。另一条错误地说“泰勒•斯威夫特取消了她所谓的‘种族主义佛罗里达’的所有巡演”，而一条推送通知强调了一名大联盟棒球运动员被禁赛五年。

Thenotifications, which sometimes contain summaries from user-generated posts, popup on screen in the style of a news alert. Researchers say that format, adoptedwidely to boost engagement through personalised video recommendations, may makeusers less critical of the veracity of the content and open them up tomisinformation.

这些通知有时包含用户生成帖子的摘要，以新闻提醒的风格弹出在屏幕上。研究人员表示，这种格式被广泛采用，通过个性化视频推荐来提高参与度，可能会让用户对内容的真实性不那么挑剔，并使他们容易受到错误信息的影响。

“Notificationshave this additional stamp of authority,” said Laura Edelson, a researcher atNortheastern University, in Boston. “When you get a notification aboutsomething, it’s often assumed to be something that has been curated by theplatform and not just a random thing from your feed.” 6park.com

波士顿东北大学的研究员劳拉•埃德尔森说：“通知具有额外的权威性。当你收到关于某件事的通知时，通常会认为这是平台策划的事情，而不仅仅是你订阅源中的随机事件。”

Socialmedia groups such as TikTok, X and Meta are facing greater scrutiny to policetheir platforms, particularly in a year of major national elections, includingNovember’s vote in the US. The rise of artificial intelligence adds to thepressure given that the fast-evolving technology makes it quicker and easier tospread misinformation, including through synthetic media, known as deepfakes.

TikTok、X和Meta等社交媒体集团正面临更严格的审查，以监管其平台，特别是在各种重大全国选举的一年，包括美国11月的投票。人工智能的兴起增加了压力，因为快速发展的技术使传播错误信息变得更快、更容易，包括通过被称为“深度伪造”的合成媒体。

TikTok,which has more than 1bn global users, has repeatedly promised to step up itsefforts to counter misinformation in response to pressure from governmentsaround the world, including the UK and EU. In May, the video-sharing platformcommitted to becoming the first major social media network to label someAI-generated content automatically.  

拥有超过10亿全球用户的TikTok一再承诺，将加大力度打击虚假信息，以应对包括英国和欧盟在内的世界各国政府的压力。今年5月，该视频共享平台承诺成为第一个自动标记一些人工智能生成内容的主要社交媒体网络。

至少有一个收到关于泰勒•斯威夫特的帖子的人认为这是一篇新闻文章

The falseclaim about Swift cancelling her tour in Florida, which also circulated on X,mirrored an article published in May in the satirical newspaper TheDunning-Kruger Times, although this article was not linked or directly referredto in the TikTok post.

关于斯威夫特取消她在佛罗里达州巡演的虚假说法也在X上流传，这反映了讽刺报纸《邓宁-克鲁格时报》5月份发表的一篇文章，尽管这篇文章在TikTok帖子中没有链接或直接提及。

At least 20people said on a comment thread that they had clicked on the notification andwere directed to a video on TikTok repeating the claim, even though they didnot follow the account. At least one person in the thread said they initiallythought the notification “was a news article”.  

至少有20人在评论帖子中表示，他们点击了通知，并被引导到TikTok上一个重复该声明的视频中，尽管他们没有关注该账户。该回复中至少有一人表示，他们最初认为这条通知“是一篇新闻文章”。

Swift isstill scheduled to perform three concerts in Miami in October and has notpublicly called Florida “racist”.

斯威夫特仍计划于10月在迈阿密举行三场演唱会，而且也没有公开称佛罗里达州是“种族主义者”。

Anotherpush notification inaccurately stated that a Japanese pitcher who plays for theLos Angeles Dodgers faced a ban from Major League Baseball: “Shohei Ohtani hasbeen BANNED from the MLB for 5 years following his gambling investigation . . . ”

另一条推送通知不准确地指出，一名为洛杉矶道奇队效力的日本投手面临美国职业棒球大联盟的禁赛：“大谷翔平在接受赌博调查后，已被美国职业棒球联盟禁赛5年……”

The wordsdirectly matched the description of a post uploaded as an April Fools’ dayprank. Tens of commenters on the original video, however, reported receivingalerts in mid-April. Several said they had initially believed it before theychecked other sources.

这些文字与愚人节恶作剧帖子的描述完全一致。然而，原始视频的数十名评论者报告称，他们在4月中旬收到了提醒。一些人表示，在核实其他来源之前，他们最初相信了这一点。

TikTok用户对一名美国职业棒球大联盟球员被禁赛五年的推送通知做出反应

Users havealso reported notifications that appeared to contain news updates but weregenerated weeks after the event. 6park.com

用户还报告了似乎包含新闻更新的通知，但这些通知是在事件发生几周后生成的。

One userreceived an alert on January 23 that read: “BREAKING: A tsunami alert has beenissued in Japan after a major earthquake.” The notification appeared to referto a natural disaster warning issued more than three weeks earlier after anearthquake struck Japan’s Noto peninsula on New Year’s Day.

1月23日，一位用户收到了一条提醒，上面写着：“突发事件：日本发生大地震后发布了海啸警报。”该通知似乎是指三周多前日本能登半岛在元旦发生地震后发布的自然灾害警报。

TikTok saidit had removed the specific notifications flagged by the FT.

TikTok表示，它已经删除了英国《金融时报》提到的这几条通知。

The alertsappear automatically to scrape the descriptions of posts that are receiving, orare likely to receive, high levels of engagement on the viral video app, ownedby China’s ByteDance, researchers said. They seem to be tailored to users’interests, which means that each one is likely to be limited to a small pool ofpeople.

研究人员表示，这些提醒会自动抓取那些正在——或可能——高度参与这一流行视频应用帖子的描述，该应用由中国字节跳动(ByteDance)所有。它们似乎是根据用户的兴趣量身定制的，这意味着每一个提醒都可能仅限于一小群人。

“The way in whichthose alerts are positioned, it can feel like the platform is speaking directlyto [users] and not just a poster,” said Kaitlyn Regehr, an associate professorof digital humanities at University College London.  

伦敦大学学院(UniversityCollege London)数字人文学科副教授凯特琳•雷格尔(Kaitlyn Regehr)表示：“这些提醒的定位方式，让人感觉平台是在直接与(用户)对话，而不仅仅是一个公告。”

TikTokdeclined to reveal how the app determined which videos to promote throughnotifications, but the sheer volume of personalised content recommendationsmust be “algorithmically generated”, said Dani Madrid-Morales, co-lead of theUniversity of Sheffield’s Disinformation Research Cluster.

TikTok拒绝透露该应用如何决定通过通知来推广哪些视频，但谢菲尔德大学(University of Sheffield)虚假信息研究集群的联合负责人达尼•马德里-莫拉莱斯(Dani Madrid-Morales)表示，大量个性化内容推荐必须是“通过算法生成的”。

Edelson,who is also co-director of the Cybersecurity for Democracy group, suggestedthat a responsible push notification algorithm could be weighted towardstrusted sources, such as verified publishers or officials. “The question is:Are they choosing a high-traffic thing from an authoritative source?” she said.“Or is this just a high-traffic thing?”

埃德尔森也是民主网络安全组织的联合主任，他建议负责任的推送通知算法可以偏向可信来源，如经过验证的出版商或官员。她说：“问题是，他们是从权威来源选择高流量的东西吗？或者这只是一个高流量的事情？”

来源：金融时报

编辑：李佳

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