媒体管理案例集锦

刘海明

【案例】

Battling Fake Accounts, Twitter to Slash Millions of Followers

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Twitter plans to start removing questionable accounts from users’ follower numbers on Thursday, reducing the total follower count on the platform by about 6 percent.CreditJeff Chiu/Associated Press
By Nicholas Confessore and Gabriel J.X. Dance
July 11, 2018

Twitter will begin removing tens of millions of suspicious accounts from users’ followers on Thursday, signaling a major new effort to restore trust on the popular but embattled platform.

The reform takes aim at a pervasive form of social media fraud. Many users have inflated their followers on Twitter or other services with automated or fake accounts, buying the appearance of social influence to bolster their political activism, business endeavors or entertainment careers.

Twitter’s decision will have an immediate impact: Beginning on Thursday, many users, including those who have bought fake followers and any others who are followed by suspicious accounts, will see their follower numbers fall. While Twitter declined to provide an exact number of affected users, the company said it would strip tens of millions of questionable accounts from users’ followers. The move would reduce the total combined follower count on Twitter by about 6 percent — a substantial drop.

An investigation by The New York Times in January demonstrated that just one small Florida company sold fake followers and other social media engagement to hundreds of thousands of users around the world, including politicians, models, actors and authors. The revelations prompted investigations in at least two states and calls in Congress for intervention by the Federal Trade Commission. In interviews this week, Twitter executives said that The Times’s reporting pushed them to look more closely at steps the company could take to clamp down on the market for fakes, which is fueled in part by the growing political and commercial value of a widely followed Twitter account.
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Officials at Twitter acknowledged that easy access to fake followers, and the company’s slowness in responding to the problem, had devalued the influence accumulated by legitimate users, sowing suspicion around those who quickly attained a broad following.

“We don’t want to incentivize the purchase of followers and fake accounts to artificially inflate follower counts, because it’s not an accurate measure of someone’s influence on the platform or influence in the world,” said Del Harvey, Twitter’s vice president for trust and safety. “We think it’s a really important and meaningful metric, and we want people to have confidence that these are engaged users that are following other accounts.”

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The market for fakes was also hurting Twitter with advertisers, which increasingly rely on social media “influencers” — mini-celebrities who promote brands and products to their followers — to reach customers. In recent months, advertising and marketing firms have put pressure on Twitter, YouTube and other platforms to help ensure that influencers have the reach they claim. Last month, the consumer goods giant Unilever, which spends billions of dollars a year on advertising, announced that it would no longer pay influencers who purchased followers and would prioritize spending advertising dollars on platforms that took steps to stamp out fraud.

In an interview on Tuesday, Unilever’s chief marketing officer, Keith Weed, praised Twitter for its decision. “People will believe more and read more on Twitter if they know there is less bot activity and more human activity,” Mr. Weed said. “I would encourage and ask others to follow.”

For Twitter, the reform comes at a critical moment. Though it is a smaller company with far fewer users than Facebook or Google, Twitter has been sharply criticized for allowing abuse and hate speech to flourish on its platform. And along with other social networks, Twitter was a critical tool for Russian influence during the 2016 election, when tens of thousands of accounts were used to spread propaganda and disinformation. Those troubles dampened Twitter’s prospects for acquisition by a bigger firm, and the company, which went public in 2013, did not turn a profit until the final quarter of last year.
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In recent months, Twitter has taken a number of steps to improve what Ms. Harvey and other company officials call “healthy conversation” on the platform, including rooting out fake and automated accounts. Last month, Twitter announced that as of May, its systems were “locking” almost 10 million suspicious accounts per week, far more than last year, and removing more for violating anti-spam policies.

Twitter locks an account — blocking it from posting or interacting with other users — when the company suspects that it is automated spam, or that it has been compromised, usually by having its password hacked or leaked. Most spam accounts are quickly removed. But until now, even after Twitter privately identified an account as suspicious and locked it, that account would still be included among the legitimate followers of a user.

Most of the time, according to Twitter, the locked accounts are not included in the monthly active user count it reports to investors each quarter, a critical Wall Street metric for social media companies. But the locked accounts were nevertheless allowed to inflate the follower counts of a large swath of users.

That choice helped propel a large market in fake followers. Dozens of websites openly sell followers and engagement on Twitter, as well as on YouTube, Instagram and other platforms. The Times revealed that one company, Devumi, sold over 200 million Twitter followers, drawing on an estimated stock of at least 3.5 million automated accounts, each sold many times over.

Tens of thousands of automated accounts were created by stealing profile information from real users, including minors. One such victim, a teenager named Jessica Rychly, had her account information — including her profile photo, biographical information and location — copied and pasted onto a fake account that retweeted cryptocurrency advertisements and graphic pornography.

Twitter officials believe that the new policy will disrupt the marketplace for fake followers and curb abusive practices used to create fake accounts: Since suspicious accounts will now be stripped from users’ followers, the company hopes there will be less incentive to purchase fakes in the first place.

Twitter has also begun to permanently remove more suspicious accounts. After The Times’s investigation was published in January, Twitter removed over a million accounts from the followers of Devumi customers — accounts that the company said violated its spam policies.
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The Washington Post reported last week that Twitter suspended more than 70 million accounts in May and June.

Twitter estimates that as a result of Thursday’s changes, the average user will see his or her follower number drop by four — but that number would be much higher for some accounts.

“As part of our renewed focus on public healthy conversation, and certainly some of the information that The New York Times was able to provide in their story, we felt it was an important step to take,” Ms. Harvey said.

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/ ... fake-followers.html

查查数量。

从今日开始，Twitter将从用户的粉丝那里移除数千万可疑帐号，标志着Twitter将采取新的重大举措，以恢复人们对这个广受欢迎但问题缠身的平台的信任。

许多用户，包括那些买粉，或者被可疑帐号关注的用户，都会看到他们的粉丝数量减少。我们会继续关注有意思的案例。

刘海明

【案例】


Facebook to Remove Misinformation That Leads to Violence
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A Rohingya Muslim woman at a displacement camp in Myanmar. Facebook has been accused of facilitating attacks on the Rohingya in the country by allowing anti-Muslim hate speech on its platform.CreditLauren Decicca/Getty Images

By Sheera Frenkel

• July 18, 2018
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SAN FRANCISCO — Facebook, facing growing criticism for posts that have incited violence in some countries, said Wednesday that it would begin removing misinformation that could lead to people being physically harmed.

The policy expands Facebook’s rules about what type of false information it will remove, and is largely a response to episodes in Sri Lanka, Myanmar and India in which rumors that spread on Facebook led to real-world attacks on ethnic minorities.

“We have identified that there is a type of misinformation that is shared in certain countries that can incite underlying tensions and lead to physical harm offline,” said Tessa Lyons, a Facebook product manager. “We have a broader responsibility to not just reduce that type of content but remove it.”

Facebook has been roundly criticized over the way its platform has been used to spread hate speech and false information that prompted violence. The company has struggled to balance its belief in free speech with those concerns, particularly in countries where access to the internet is relatively new and there are limited mainstream news sources to counter social media rumors.

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[Watch our cybersecurity correspondent, Sheera Frenkel, answer readers’ questions on Facebook’s efforts to tackle misinformation.]

In Myanmar, Facebook has been accused by United Nations investigators and human rights groups of facilitating violence against Rohingya Muslims, a minority ethnic group, by allowing anti-Muslim hate speech and false news.

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In Sri Lanka, riots broke out after false news pitted the country’s majority Buddhist community against Muslims. Near-identical social media rumors have also led to attacks in India and Mexico. In many cases, the rumors included no call for violence, but amplified underlying tensions.

The new rules apply to one of Facebook’s other big social media properties, Instagram, but not to WhatsApp, where false news has also circulated. In India, for example, false rumors spread through WhatsApp about child kidnappers have led to mob violence.

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In an interview published Wednesday by the technology news site Recode, Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook’s chief executive, tried to explain how the company is trying to differentiate between offensive speech — the example he used was people who deny the Holocaust — and posts which promoted false information that could lead to physical harm.

“I think that there’s a terrible situation where there’s underlying sectarian violence and intention,” Mr. Zuckerberg told Recode’s Kara Swisher, who will become an opinion contributor with The New York Times later this summer. “It is clearly the responsibility of all of the players who were involved there.”

The social media company already has rules in place in which a direct threat of violence or hate speech is removed, but it has been hesitant to remove rumors that do not directly violate its content policies.

Under the new rules, Facebook said it would create partnerships with local civil society groups to identify misinformation for removal. The new rules are already being put in effect in Sri Lanka, and Ms. Lyons said the company hoped to soon introduce them in Myanmar, then expand elsewhere.

Mr. Zuckerberg’s example of Holocaust denial quickly created an online furor, and on Wednesday afternoon he clarified his comments in an email to Ms. Swisher. “I personally find Holocaust denial deeply offensive, and I absolutely didn’t intend to defend the intent of people who deny that,” he said.

He went on to outline Facebook’s current policies around misinformation. Posts that violate the company’s community standards, which ban hate speech, nudity and direct threats of violence, among other things, are immediately removed.

The company has started identifying posts that are categorized as false by independent fact checkers. Facebook will “downrank” those posts, effectively moving them down in each user’s News Feed so that they are not highly promoted across the platform.

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The company has also started adding information boxes under demonstrably false news stories, suggesting other sources of information for people to read.

But expanding the new rules to the United States and other countries where objectionable speech is still legally protected could prove tricky, as long as the company uses free speech laws as the guiding principles for how it polices content. Facebook also faces pressure from conservative groups that argue the company is unfairly targeting users with a conservative viewpoint.

When asked in an interview how Facebook defined misinformation that could lead to harm and should be removed versus that material it would simply downrank because it was objectionable, Ms. Lyons said, “There is not always a really clear line.”

“All of this is challenging — that is why we are iterating,” she said. “That is why we are taking serious feedback.”

Correction: July 18, 2018

An earlier version of this article misstated the Facebook social media platforms that are subject to new rules about misinformation. The rules apply to Instagram, but not WhatsApp.

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/18/technology/facebook-to-remove-misinformation-that-leads-to-violence.html

面对越来越多的批评，Facebook表示，将开始 移除可能会导致人们身体受到伤害的不实信息 ，扩大其删除内容类型的规则。

新的规则也将适用于Instagram，但不会适用于WhatsApp（两款应用程序均为Facebook所有）。

社交媒体上流传的谣言已经导致发生了许多致命和暴力袭击事件。点击此处阅读我们在 印度 、 缅甸 和 斯里兰卡 的报道。

刘海明

【案例】

Twitter最近发布了一项新的审核政策，明令禁止在平台上发布非人化贬低言论。“您不可针对任何可识别群体中的任何成员发表非人化言论，以免该言论导致线下伤害。” 非人化指的是不把他人视为人类、诋毁他人不如人类的言论，比如将某一类人比作畜生或病毒，或以生殖器官贬低对方等。

刘海明

【案例】

刘海明

【案例】

方舟子的媳妇刘菊花，为啥被注销了记者证？

张小贝说娱乐

百家号18-06-1007:21

最近，关于方舟子的话题热了起来。很多人知道，方舟子的媳妇刘菊花是新华社记者，如今已经被注销了记者证。那么，刘菊花为啥被注销了记者证呢？

（方舟子）

提到方舟子，人们会想到他是一个反假斗士。

方舟子的本命叫做方是民，1967年9月出生。他的学历还是很高的，1985考入中国科技大学生物系。此后，方舟子又赴美留学，获得美国密歇根州立大学生物化学博士学位，先后在美国罗切斯特（Rochester）大学生物系、索尔克（Salk）生物研究院做博士后研究，研究方向为分子遗传学。

1999年，方舟子设立新语丝网站，通过发表自己的文章以及刊登网友文章，揭发中国科学界和教育界的学术腐败现象，批判新闻界的不真实报道，以及批判基督教、伪科学、伪气功、伪环保，批评中医等。

方舟子同时是许多知名平面媒体的专栏作家， 出版过一些以科普和反学术腐败等为题材的著作。由于在评判时的双重标准、话语霸权以及无端构陷，加上报复心强烈，方舟子本人和他的言论在社会上引起极大争议，并被怀疑部分行为有商业目的。

（刘菊花）

方舟子的媳妇叫做刘菊花，曾经在中青报、新华社当过记者。网络上对于刘菊花的评价很低，甚至有人说她没读过大学，是“隔着锅台跳上灶”， 被保送进中国社会科学院读硕的。2001年7月28日，方舟子在“新语丝”网站上推出《中青报》子报《青年时报》见习记者刘菊花的 8000字“处女报道作”《网络奇才方舟子》，并冠以“中国青年报记者”。此举，引起了公众的反感。

实名认证为深圳大学传播系副主任的孙海峰在微博上称方舟子妻子刘菊花“靠给官员当保姆被推荐读研究生”，后被刘菊花诉至法院，北京海淀法院日前审结此案，判令孙海峰删除侵权微博、向刘菊花公开赔礼道歉、赔偿精神损害抚慰金等2万余元。

那么，刘菊花为啥会被注销记者证呢？主要是因为硕士论文涉嫌抄袭。

（方舟子夫妻俩）

2011年4月27日《法治周末》刊登署名文章《方舟子后院起火：妻子硕士论文涉嫌抄袭》，在1万1千多字的内容里，详细讲述论文涉嫌抄袭的发现过程，用超过三分之二的篇幅列举了论文与原文的对比摘要。当时，刘彩菊的论文题目为《国际传媒巨头对当代中国传媒文化的影响》。

后来，方舟子回应称：《法治周末》的记者在公报私仇，打击报复，因为他曾经揭露过这位记者做假新闻报道。不久，海内外156位学人就刘菊花硕士论文涉嫌抄袭事件，发了一封致中国社会科学院研究生院的公开信。

这件事引起的社会反响非常大。2016年2月23日，刘菊花被注销记者证。

（张小贝）

https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1602839043776166481&wfr=spider&for=pc&isFailFlag=1

刘海明

【案例】

《环球时报》社副总编辑赵强履新人民网副总编辑

人民网高官层人事持续调整。根据人民网股份有限公司5月24日发布的公告，赵强已经担任人民网副总编辑。

今年4月，原任人民网党委书记、副董事长、总裁的叶蓁蓁出任人民网党委书记、董事长、总裁，原任人民网董事、副总编辑的罗华出任人民网党委委员、董事、总编辑、副总裁。

据公开资料，赵强，1975年7月出生，中共党员，博士研究生，高级编辑。 2001年7月至 2004年5月，任中宣部新闻局干部、主任科员;2004年5月至2014年4月，任求是杂志社编辑、副编审、办公室秘书处处长、外事办公室主任、办公室副主任;2014年4月，任人民日报社新闻协调部主任编辑;2015年2月至今，任《环球时报》社副总编辑。

原文链接：https://app.lanjinger.com/news/detail?id=114628

编辑：陈茗

刘海明

【案例】

深圳媒体改革动真格，领导班子职数裁切30%以上！

做减法的同时，深圳也在做加法。

今天，深圳各大主流媒体均以显著位置刊发、推送长篇通讯《深圳三大国有文化集团不断深化改革》，这篇文章以“改出新格局 、创出新活力”为着眼点，复盘了深圳报业、广电、出版三大国有文化集团近年来的改革风云和转型成就。信息量很大，许多数据为首次披露。

文章分析说，深圳报业、广电集团将改革利刃向内，对存在的“机构庞杂、人员臃肿”问题下手，实施“瘦身计划”，扎实推进改革举措落地。

深圳报业集团领导班子职数从17名减至11名，减幅达35%；集团本部由25个部门精简为15个，减少40%；中层干部职数由72人减少到43人，减少40.3%；对长期亏损、扭亏无望的企业坚决“关停并转”，8家“僵尸企业”已完成注销，4家进入收尾阶段。下属企业妥善推进富余人员分流，共分流减员400多人。

深圳广电集团领导班子成员由13人核减至9人，减幅31%；职能部门核减编制43个，缩减8%；集团人员至目前为止比改革前缩减700多人；关停并转4家经营不善的下属公司。今年，该集团还组建了卫视中心、融合媒体中心、广播中心和专业频道运营中心等“四大中心”，做强数字电视、文化金融、产业园区、会展影视等“四大运营板块”，从经营、人力、技术、管理等多方面优化体制机制。

在做减法的同时，深圳也在做加法。比如深圳报业集团，深化干部人事制度改革，在采编系统推出名编辑、名记者、名评论员“三名工程”；深圳广电集团在五个电视频道试点推行干部带任务上岗工作。

据悉，深圳报业集团形成了以深圳特区报、深圳新闻网、读特、读创领衔，“纸媒+网站+客户端+官微+自媒体+代运营”全覆盖的融媒体矩阵，用户量持续增长。截至目前，集团全媒体用户数（含粉丝数）达1.1亿。

深圳广电集团建成全媒体新闻指挥中心，改版升级新媒体平台“壹深圳”客户端，积极推进“CUTV广电云”、IPTV、OTT等业务发展。深圳卫视全国入网率99.1%，覆盖国内11.6亿人口。

深圳出版集团 “全民阅读APP”吸引近120万读者加入“全民阅读计划”，“掌上书城APP”实现四大书城阅读文化资源的线上整合。深圳连续三年获得“全国十大数字阅读城市”称号，在去年的“全国十大数字阅读城市”评选中排名第一。

来源：媒通社

链接：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU2MzA1NDUxNA==&mid=2247493546&idx=1&sn=cbd655d3a0c68e00d3551d8dd85dd568&chksm=fc62b577cb153c61820ae10a47ee74684a7d5cc78821c225e27aa5fc3fa1f79d517afb5d8e63&mpshare=1&scene=1&srcid=0710T1dZIR0P2FkNqjs6G5jc&key=a275743a4180eb5489348e17711bac3e29c1392c231e476105218e8ae2e9d64710bf987b051db6d98c825b9e8547db84cdf69c4338c12e297dd0245c6f330975d0f6dda8b930d361804e8400ae91d100&ascene=1&uin=Mjc3MTM5OTI2Mw%3D%3D&devicetype=Windows+10&version=62060833&lang=zh_CN&pass_ticket=S8AGLVzevZzRzHeVtKPBLIBorfZgY5BaYrk1Fqe86OU5iq5kWrcUihJ0wEWvtRTD

编辑：马晓晴

刘海明

【案例】

深圳广电改革：领导班子减幅31%，集团减700多人

近日，不少媒体报道了深圳报业、广电、出版三大国有文化集团近年来的改革风云和转型成就。据悉，深圳三大国有文化集团在市委宣传部的领导下，认真落实《深圳文化创新发展2020（实施方案）》。

深圳广电集团：组建“四大中心”，领导班子减幅31%

深圳广电集团推进组建卫视中心、融合媒体中心、广播中心和专业频道运营中心等“四大中心”，做强数字电视、文化金融、产业园区、会展影视等“四大运营板块”，从经营、人力、技术、管理等多方面优化体制机制，取得初步成效。

集团领导班子成员由13人核减至9人，减幅31%；职能部门核减编制43个，缩减8%；集团人员至目前为止比改革前缩减700多人；关停并转4家经营不善的下属公司。

以深化干部人事制度改革为例，广电集团在五个电视频道试点推行干部带任务上岗工作，已初见成效，有力调动了业务骨干的工作积极性和干事创业热情。

广电集团做强品牌栏目，《深视新闻》《直播港澳台》《军情直播间》《关键洞察力》等影响力不断提升，深圳卫视全天收视排名保持在全国前十行列。

深圳广电集团建成全媒体新闻指挥中心，改版升级新媒体平台“壹深圳”客户端，积极推进“CUTV广电云”、IPTV、OTT等业务发展。深圳卫视全国入网率99.1%，覆盖国内11.6亿人口。

此外，深圳广电集团与深圳巴士集团合资组建了公交电视网络传媒公司，推出“智慧大屏”公交电视服务。广电集团天威公司全面推进全市有线电视网络高清化改造和“普及高清电视服务”惠民工程，不断创新增值业务。

深圳报业集团：实施“瘦身计划”，领导班子减幅达35%

深圳报业集团将改革利刃向内，对存在的“机构庞杂、人员臃肿”问题下手，实施“瘦身计划”，扎实推进改革举措落地：

深圳报业集团完成总部人事改革目标，领导班子职数从17名减至11名，减幅达35%；集团本部由25个部门精简为15个，减少40%；中层干部职数由72人减少到43人，减少40.3%；对长期亏损、扭亏无望的企业坚决“关停并转”，8家“僵尸企业”已完成注销，4家进入收尾阶段。下属企业妥善推进富余人员分流，共分流减员400多人。完善全面预算管理和目标考核管理，管理效能进一步提升。

以深化干部人事制度改革为例，报业集团在采编系统推出名编辑、名记者、名评论员“三名工程”，已初见成效，有力调动了业务骨干的工作积极性和干事创业热情。

不久前，深圳报业集团与华为签署战略合作框架协议，双方将在大数据中心、媒体混合云、融合媒体平台建设、5G+人工智能创新、虚拟现实等多方面开展合作。

据悉，深圳报业集团形成了以深圳特区报、深圳新闻网、读特、读创领衔，“纸媒+网站+客户端+官微+自媒体+代运营”全覆盖的融媒体矩阵，用户量持续增长。截至目前，集团全媒体用户数（含粉丝数）达1.1亿。

此外，深圳出版集团在“阅读永恒，载体创新”理念的指引下，推动深圳全民阅读逐渐形成“互联网+”热潮，“全民阅读APP”吸引近120万读者加入“全民阅读计划”，“掌上书城APP”实现四大书城阅读文化资源的线上整合，培育数字阅读新风尚。

多措并举，扶持“加法”简政“减法”

为推动做大做强国有文化集团，深圳市财政从2015年起给予报业、广电集团专项资金资助，并持续加大力度，明确资金主要用于支持两大集团深化改革、舆论阵地建设、媒体融合发展等重点领域。支持出版集团“一区一书城、一街道一书吧”等准公益性文化设施建设，由市财政给予新建大型书城总投资50%的资金补助，并给予公共服务型书吧建设运营补贴。

如果说，资金扶持是“做加法”，那么，“简政放权”就是“做减法”。

深圳进一步优化国有文化资产监管体制，扩大国有文化集团的经营自主权。市委宣传部会同市国资委对市属国有文化资产监督管理“1+7”文件进行修订，推动形成了较为完善的国有文化资产科学化、规范化管理体制机制。国有文化集团需报资产监管部门审批的投资项目比改革前减少90%以上，决策效率明显提高。

一“加”一“减”，有效激发了国有文化集团的内在能量，叠加效应如“乘法”释放出深层活力。

面向未来，深圳三大国有文化集团在深化改革中必须有更大的决心、魄力和动作，必须始终葆有改革的精神、创新的思路、振奋的姿态、实干的步履，开拓进取，励精图治，为创新发展赢得更广阔天地。

部分资料来源：深圳特区报、深圳发布

来源：广播广告圈

链接：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/B1k8DhBUys1cYoR8ZRIp8Q

编辑：马晓晴

刘海明

【案例】

百度回应“章子欣父亲发文为假”：编辑违反规定立即开除

新京报快讯 据百度官方微博消息，针对公众质疑百度账号“章子欣父亲发文为假”一事，百度新闻紧急启动了内部调查流程，现将进一步调查结果公布如下：

来源：新京报

链接：https://cdn.bjnews.com.cn/h5/ind ... l/1/156302526214257

编辑：马晓晴

刘海明

【案例】

百度职业道德委员会发布内部严重违纪处理通告